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  • hopeless_race : Nagmimistulang "small time" lamang ang malversation of funds kumpara sa laki ng kinakamal ng mga umuutang sa gobyerno. At ito ay malinaw na natatakbuhan dahil hindi nga naman pwede makulong ang may-ari ng kumpanya sa pagkaka-utang lamang. Tunay na mga tuso at magagaling sa batas itong mga politiko natin. Masasabi ko na malamang lahat ng mga politiko ganito ang diskarte...wala pang kulong.
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  • hopeless_race : Kapag napaguusapan ang mendiola at hacienda luisita massacre ay parang walang nangyari at parang hindi big deal. Anu po ba ang pinagkaiba ng dalawang nabanggit na massacre sa maguindanao massacre?
  • hopeless_race : Its sad that we pinoys are blind to the fact of what had happened in mendiola and hacienda luisita. Ang tanong..bakit ang media ay hindi manlang matackle ang ganitong usapin? Takot ba sila kay cory at danding?
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  • guest_4275 : i am currently doing a study for my paper regarding political killings in the philippines. i noted that there are no human rights reports during the Aquino and Ramos administration. could someone out there please send me reports regarding these matter? i do hope these reports came from reliable resources :) you could send it in my email; erikamariet@yahoo.comyour response would surely be appreciated. thanks everyone. god bless.
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Dawn of the Chinese century?

Posted by: Isa Lorenzo | November 22, 2007 at 6:45 pm
Filed under: Cross Border

WILL China become a new global power? Some think so, given the country’s burgeoning economy and its increasing international clout.

China has the world’s fourth largest economy, and is also the third largest trading country, according to Focus on the Global South’s China Programme research associate Dorothy Guerrero.

China is responsible for five percent of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP). The country’s gross national product is the world’s second-largest, using the purchasing-power parity measure. China has also surpassed the United States as the world’s top investment destination. It is also the biggest consumer of four out of five top basic commodities.

“Analyzing the global political economy, it is getting more and more apparent and obvious that China is a new global power,” said Guerrero during a roundtable discussion.

View Guerrero’s slide presentation.

For the Philippines, China’s rising economy has generated billions of dollars in trade, investment, and development assistance. Yet loans and agreements between the Philippines and China such as the NBN-ZTE deal, the Cyber Education project, and the North Rail project have come under fire for being “grossly disadvantageous” to the Philippines, in addition to being tainted by allegations of bribery.

Akbayan party-list representative Risa Hontiveros-Baraquel said that aside from the ZTE deal, the Philippine government has entered into 31 other “questionable” agreements with China.

The agreements covered trade, cultural protection, mass transportation and customs cooperation, and include 19 agribusiness deals that Hontiveros-Baraquel says “are patently unconstitutional and inimical to Filipino interests.”

By the end of last year, China had invested $76 billion in 160 countries. It is the Philippines’s third largest trading partner, after Japan and the U.S., with an average annual growth rate of 41 percent. China is also our country’s third largest export partner. Chinese investments in the Philippines totaled $350 million from January to September 2006.

Agreements signed between the Philippines and China include a 2005 joint trade committee agreement to develop cooperation in mining and infrastructure, and a 2007 framework agreement on expanding and developing bilateral economic and trade cooperation.

However, most of the agreements that the Philippines signed with China last January “are very problematic and many social movements and NGOs are criticizing these agreements as very skewed, which is more in favor with China than the Philippines,” says Guerrero.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), meanwhile, notes that the 19 agricultural agreements reserve 1.24 million hectares of farmland for the Chinese. As China is not a member of the OECD, there is little information on its overseas development assistance, and its loans are hard to monitor.

The agreements have led to competition for scarce land resources. More than two million hectares of land covered by the agreement are estimated to be ancestral domains, while more than one million hectares have yet to be distributed to farmers. Seven million hectares of land targeted in the agreement are forests.

Guerrero expects the agreement to add further stress to forestry, as 16 million hectares of forest lands are necessary in order to ensure a healthful and balanced ecology. She also points out that food production would also be affected as farmers would not have a final say on what kind of crops were produced, as the agreement dictates the use of the lands covered.

Guerrero adds that one key factor in China’s foreign policy is its “going out” strategy, which consists of a double interrelated policy of “inviting in” — continuing to attract inflow of foreign direct investment, and “going out” — the extending or outflow of foreign direct investment.

Chinese clout is also increasingly being felt in trade with Latin America and numerous infrastructure investments in Africa.

“On one hand, China poses tremendous economic benefits, but (it) also poses a threat if it becomes more and more powerful as a result of its economic growth,” says Focus on the Global South’s Herbert Docena.

Docena says that the U.S. has grown wary of China. The latter is the second largest market of U.S. exports and a big source of cheap labor for American companies, but the U.S. fears that China will use this economic power to boost its strategic or military power.

China’s influence is already felt in international organizations such as the United Nations (UN), where it has successfully prevented Japan from gaining a permanent seat on the UN Security Council, and for Taiwan to be recognized as a state.

China’s growth also comes in an era where many predict that the U.S. will decline. “Just as the 20th century was called the new American century, then maybe this will be the Chinese century,” says Docena.

Others, however, are not so sure.

Guerrero says that the main questions for China’s new role in the global political economy is whether it will make developing countries more prosperous, and whether or not China offers an alternative development model.

So far, Chinese loans and agreements in the Philippines and other countries have been dogged by controversy. And while China has enjoyed spectacular growth, Guerrero notes that the gap between the rich and poor in the country are increasing. China’s demand for natural resources is also increasing the environmental problems of many developing countries.



20 people have left comments

“Dawn of the Chinese Century”?

The Philippines or the world would be very stupid to let this happen. I do not trust COMMUNIST CHINA. They are corrupt and their enticing economic statistics are most likely fabricated. China’s future economic and military strength depends on how cooperative the rest of the world will be…in other words, it’s really up to us (the consumers). I say boycott Chinese products and buy Philippine made products. What’s the big deal about China anyway? All they have are cheap laborers under a corrupt system. China does not have business deals with the Philippines–THEY HAVE BUSINESS DEALINGS WITH CORRUPT FILIPINO BUSINESSMEN WHO ARE MOST LIKELY CHINESE THEMSELVES.

BUY FILIPINO MADE PRODUCTS. STOP BEING STUPID.

ryebosco wrote on November 23, 2007 - 12:24 am | Visit Link
jester-in-exile wrote on November 23, 2007 - 1:47 am | Visit Link

Let’s not call others corrupt. Boycott what? Cheap labor?!, how much is paid the Filipino laborer? Blame our politicians. Then again nations promote their own self-interest. Filipinos… too quick to sell their souls (They’re Catholics, aren’t they?) for millions of pesos. Long live the Filipino.

art5011er wrote on November 23, 2007 - 5:54 am | Visit Link

To Ryebosco:

And what is the Philippines, less corrupt than China? As I recall, the recent international statistics deemed Philippines the most corrupt in all of East and SE Asia today!!! You’re here espousing buy Filipino made products and boycott China made when it is the Filipino-Chinese(Tsinoys) businessmen that advocate buy Filipino in the Philippines. It’s like saying, we should shoot our own foot. If we ever boycott Chinese made products in the Philippines, that means that they boycott our products that our farmers and fishermen offer to them and hurt our farmers and fishermen along with China never investing anything in the Philippines, therefore not giving any jobs in our multi-sector and very few Chinese tourists, which will mean the collapse of our hotel and tourism industry. Not to mention the Chinese withdrawal of their aid to upgrade our infrastructure. What you are suggesting is suicidal and stupidity at it’s worst! Thats not economics, thats making us hang our necks. If other countries benefited with China’s rise, why can we? And miss out on $8 trillion in output every year? You’re out of your moronic mind.

Not all Chinese goods are of bad quality and not all Filipino made products are better.
I even bought a Timex watch made in the Philippines in which the time changer knob was easily knocked off when hit on a door, now that Philippine made watch is useless. or what about Filipino made clothing that shrinks and fades away faster than Chinese made ones? It’s time too for Filipinos to shut up and improve their own products for themselves and to also sell to the giant next door, China. I say buy what you like and what you can afford, be it Filipino or Chinese made. Or buy both!

I SUGGEST YOU WAKE UP. YOU ARE THE ONE WHO IS BEING STUPID.

crimsonkris wrote on November 26, 2007 - 10:55 am | Visit Link

As far as the ZTE-broadband deal is concerned, it’s the Filipino negotiators who are solely to blame in that recent scandal. Almost $300 million for a broadband network is way too much, which makes me think, the negotiators and the corrupt politicians who will receive the kick backs placed a gun(not literal) in front of the ZTE company’s face and said, no deal on the over inflated price, then no deal at all along with any other investment in the future. If you show weakness and corruption in your attitude and behavior, the other party will follow, because they think it’s ok and they have no other choice. We learned corruption from the bad examples of the Spanish and the American elements in our culture.

crimsonkris wrote on November 26, 2007 - 11:11 am | Visit Link

[...] Education, Australian elections, English, and the nation’s memory November 27, 2007 The Daily PCIJ blog asks if it’s the “Dawn of the Chinese century” and discusses its implication to the country: [...]

Cyber Education, Australian elections, English, and the nation’s memory « Postcard Headlines wrote on November 27, 2007 - 7:56 am | Visit Link

[...] The Daily PCIJ blog asks if it’s the “Dawn of the Chinese century” and discusses its implication to the country: By the end of last year, China had invested $76 billion in 160 countries. It is the Philippines’s third largest trading partner, after Japan and the U.S., with an average annual growth rate of 41 percent. China is also our country’s third largest export partner. Chinese investments in the Philippines totaled $350 million from January to September 2006… [...]

  Cyber Education, Australian elections, English, and the nation’s memory by The Philippines According to Blogs wrote on November 27, 2007 - 7:59 am | Visit Link

We have to accept the reality…In the long run.. China will win….

shotpower wrote on November 27, 2007 - 8:50 am | Visit Link

Philippines, province of China

art5011er wrote on November 27, 2007 - 12:50 pm | Visit Link

“We learned corruption from the bad examples of the Spanish and the American elements in our culture.” CRIMSONKRIS

Nagsalita si matalino. Hoy animal na tanga, ikaw ang gumising sa katangahan mo.

What the hell is this we learned corruption and bad examples from the Spanish and Americans. I suggest you read and dissect what I previously wrote. It’s concise and to the point. Go ahead and move to China and set an example to substantiate your argument. My response to your claim above in quotes is that you do more research of our country prior to Ferdinand Marcos. And then during the plundering years of Marcos. And then the current situation in the Philippines and who most of these businessmen are in control of our corrupt system. Hmmm, isn’t Marcos of Chinese ancestry? Wasn’t he the one who basically ruined our economy and left a legacy of corruption?

I’ll stick to what I said, COMMUNIST CHINA SHOULD NOT BE TRUSTED. And did I mention anything in my comment about the Philippines being less corrupt than China, ha? TANGA!!!!! And your comment about fucking Tsinoy promoting Filipino made products–OF COURSE THEY’LL PROMOTE THEIR PRODUCTS TO HELP THEIR BUSINESS. Yes, you’re right about products in any country being bad or good. But I don’t see our country poisoning the rest of the world with lead paint. This argument about fucking China can go on and on. I’ll agree to your opinion if YOU MOVE TO CHINA AND LIVE THERE.

tangang ipokrito! “moronic moronic mind” ka pa.

ryebosco wrote on November 29, 2007 - 1:28 am | Visit Link

Nagsalita si matalino. Hoy animal na tanga, ikaw ang gumising sa katangahan mo.

What the hell is this we learned corruption and bad examples from the Spanish and Americans. I suggest you read and dissect what I previously wrote. It’s concise and to the point. Go ahead and move to China and set an example to substantiate your argument. My response to your claim above in quotes is that you do more research of our country prior to Ferdinand Marcos. And then during the plundering years of Marcos. And then the current situation in the Philippines and who most of these businessmen are in control of our corrupt system. Hmmm, isn’t Marcos of Chinese ancestry? Wasn’t he the one who basically ruined our economy and left a legacy of corruption?

I’ll stick to what I said, COMMUNIST CHINA SHOULD NOT BE TRUSTED. And did I mention anything in my comment about the Philippines being less corrupt than China, ha? TANGA!!!!! And your comment about fucking Tsinoy promoting Filipino made products–OF COURSE THEY’LL PROMOTE THEIR PRODUCTS TO HELP THEIR BUSINESS. Yes, you’re right about products in any country being bad or good. But I don’t see our country poisoning the rest of the world with lead paint. This argument about fucking China can go on and on. I’ll agree to your opinion if YOU MOVE TO CHINA AND LIVE THERE.

tangang ipokrito! “moronic moronic mind” ka pa.
ryebosco wrote on November 29, 2007 - 1:28 am

Yeah, nagsalita si matalino, mas matalino compared sa comback mo. Hoy ungas na aso, kailangan ka mag gising!

And where else do you think we learned corruption from? If you know how to think who has influenced us in history longer it was the Spanish and the Americans. If you had half a brain you would know how to think, dumb@ss! You say not to trust China when Filipinos can’t even trust themselves to unite and make the country better. Can you trust yourself? Can you trust your own countrymen to help prop you up buddy boy? Where is your proof? More Filipinos have died entrusting other Filipinos. And I don’t have to elaborate. And I don’t need to go to China to prove my point and set an example, increased trade, tourism and investments from China is what is also helping the Philippine economy, but let me ask you this, with all of your ranting and raving, where are your good works to contribute and help our country? Thats what I thought buddy boy, you have none. I’d rather listen to the horse’s mouth than the goats rear end. You make it sound as though China intentionally poisoned the whole world with lead paint, when lead is present in ALL PAINT!! Wow, nagsalita si wannabe professor bayani. It was a mistake on the company that designed the toys not on the manufacturers part. Take a look at the Philippines right now, the Filipinos themselves are polluting their own country, not anyone else. Wheres my proof? Take cyanide fishing for example, the increasing air pollution in our cities and towns, Pasig River, recent news coverage of food poisoning in many areas of the Philippines, and I believe there is an article in here on how we are polluting our own ground water.

I suggest you do some research on history and show to me the mismanagement of the Philippines economy under Filipino control compared to mismanagement under Tsinoy businessmen. I bet you you can try pointing out all of the corrupt Tsinoy businessmen, but you will run out of them and still keep counting the corrupt Filipinos until the day you die. It was the Tsinoy business and merchant class that had established the economy from the very beginning, right after the Spanish were expelled from the Philippines. Go and read the book available in the main Manila library titled, “The Chinese in the Philippine economy, Ateneo De Manila Press,” and you will see that it wasn’t started in corruption and mismanagement like you had assumed. BTW, Marcos was only (allegedly)half Chinese, but was supported by a Chinese merchant by the name of Ferdinand Chua, who took him under his wing after his own REAL father died. So that doesn’t make him part Chinese at all. At least the Tsinoys are more active in helping out the less advantaged in our society rather than people like you who are all talk and no show.

Look at this fool, “the Tsinoy businessmen will always support their products to help themselves.” In fact almost all of our products that are Filipino made are owned by companies established by Tsinoys. So what buy Filipino products are you suggesting we support and buy to sustain our economy? Tuyo? Daing? Pusit? Suman? Kawawa ka na pare boy! You know nothing of what goes on in the Philippines except what you want to accept to know. Thats very pathetic of you. Grow up and be a real man. Huwag mong pasukan, kundi mo malalabsan. We can go on and on buddy boy.

Plus you made it sound like we are saints compared to China, that we are less corrupt. You make no sense at all, it’s like the pot calling the kettle black. When you point your finger at someone else, remember you have 4 fingers pointing back at you. Geez, do you expect people to be psychics regarding what you wrote? Tarantado! We need to take advantage of China’s growth to improve and benefit ourselves. Learn Mandarin, encourage more investments, learn the Chinese way, but lay a firm line where our laws should be respected. If anyone in their insane mind followed what you said, our nation would be as worse off like Bangladesh or Somalia! And people are supposed to listen to you? Please! Go jump off a cliff as for all I care—Here is you–”Ang pili ng pili, matatama sa bungi.” “Walang bulok na di umaalingasaw!” To be born ignorant is not a shame boy, but to remain ignorant, is a SHAME. So take my advice and if you want to remain that way, then go live in the jungles of Indonesia and be ignorant there with the muslim Indonesians and lets see what they do to you after they know your attitude about the muslims in the Philippines. You’re not worthy to call yourself a true Filipino. A true Filipino uses that which is useful to him/her to improve themselves. Chinas rise is that chance! Ikaw ay pinamalaking ungas talaga!

crimsonkris wrote on December 1, 2007 - 2:57 pm | Visit Link

We’d like to remind everyone of the blog rules we have to observe here. No personal attacks please.

Alecks P. Pabico wrote on December 1, 2007 - 4:58 pm | Visit Link

“Learn Mandarin, encourage more investments, learn the Chinese way, but lay a firm line where our laws should be respected.”

LOL

ryebosco wrote on December 2, 2007 - 4:15 am | Visit Link

Sorry ryebosco, crimsonkris, you leave us no choice but to take down your most recent comments. We cannot allow such abusive and bigoted exchange here.

Alecks P. Pabico wrote on December 3, 2007 - 9:25 pm | Visit Link

All I can say is that many Filipinos today are so misled regarding Communist China. Just because millions worth of business deals and loan assistance to the Philippines are signed do not mean corruption is not involved from both sides (Communist China and Filipino businessmen/politicians). And since according to some fanatical Communist China supporter in this blog that the Philippine economy is the making of the Tsinoys in this country, I guess it’s fair to ask if the present Philippine economic misery is due to the Chinese?

I am not Chinese, I do not buy Chinese products, I do not trust corrupt or communist chinese businessmen in the Philippines and from China. I will not spin on my head just because communist and corrupt money is flashed in front of me.

ryebosco wrote on December 4, 2007 - 12:27 am | Visit Link

And many Filipinos are just being given a one sided view on dealing with China. Out of the millions in deals between the two countries, then the challenge for the skeptics is to point out how much of the deals involve corruption. If the deals are over priced, rhen the culprits are the negotiators who just want extra kickbacks for the projects. If Korea and Taiwan were the biggest sources for investments and one was very enthusiastic on doing business with them, then should that person be labelled a Korea Taiwan sympathizer? The terms used by one fake pride individual is going too extreme an shows the lack of mental maturity.

There are two factors on why the economy is in misery.
First, lack of peace and order, second, lack of investor confidence in the country regarding the peace and secutity. If history recalls, it was Hitler that blamed the Jews for Germany’s economic plight, when they had little to do with it’s problems and now look where did his Third reich go.

If you say you don’t buy Chinese made products and don’t want anything to deal with corrupt money, go check the majority of your household products and see where they are made even the components. and why are you still paying taxes and living in a society were corruption, even without China’s business, is still rampant? Sonething is mentally wrong here.

crimsonkris wrote on December 4, 2007 - 9:59 am | Visit Link

Beware of COMMUNIST CHINA.

“The investigation comes amid a slew of findings of potentially unsafe foods and other products. Chinese officials have vowed to tighten controls on food processors, slaughterhouses and other suppliers to help improve safety.

China closed more than 6,000 slaughterhouses and created a database of 23,052 slaughterhouses across the country as part of its campaign to improve food safety, the state-run newspaper China Daily reported Friday.

Various scandals both at home and abroad over products tainted with chemicals and other toxins have prompted renewed vigilance over widespread violations of safety standards, such as adding water to dead pigs to raise their weight.” Manila Standard

ryebosco wrote on December 8, 2007 - 5:47 am | Visit Link

“A Filipino-Chinese consortium had won the bid for the state grid with $3,95 billion.” Manila Times

ryebosco wrote on December 12, 2007 - 11:44 pm | Visit Link

“Posted by: Isa Lorenzo | November 23, 2007 at 8:15 pm
Filed under: Environment Watch

RESIDENTS of Benguet and Bulacan beware: your drinking water may be contaminated with nitrates.

Close to 30 percent of groundwater wells from these locations showed nitrates levels above the World Heath Organization (WHO) safety limit of 50 mg l-1 of nitrate (NO3), according to an 18-page Greenpeace report on nitrates in drinking water in the Philippines and Thailand.

Contamination from nitrates is most likely in agricultural areas such as Benguet and Bulacan, where nitrogen fertilizers are used. Five out of the 18 artesian wells in Benguet and Bulacan contained nitrate levels well above the WHO drinking water safety limit. The highest levels were found in groundwater in Buguias, Benguet at 50 percent above the WHO safety limit.

Although one sample from Angat, Bulacan showed a high nitrate level, Greenpeace said that the highest nitrate level was found in Buguias based on the cumulative data set in that location.

Nitrate in groundwater wells in the Philippines

Drinking water contaminated with nitrates can cause serious health problems, especially in children, according to the report. The greatest risk of nitrate poisoning is “blue baby syndrome” or methemoglobinemia, which occurs in infants given nitrate-laden water, and particularly affects babies under four months of age. Blue-baby syndrome can provoke cyanosis, headache, stupor, fatigue, tachycardia, coma, convulsions, asphyxia and ultimately death.

Nitrate-contaminated drinking water may also cause the development of cancers of the digestive tract. It has also been linked to other types of cancer such as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, bladder and ovarian cancers.

“The nitrates pollution that we discovered in farming areas is particularly worrisome — communities think that the water they drink everyday is clean because physically, it doesn’t smell bad or look bad. But it is actually laced with nitrates from fertilizers which people don’t normally associate with pollution,” said Greenpeace Campaigner Daniel Ocampo in a press release.

The study sampled water from four groundwater and surface water sources in Benguet and Bulacan.

Rice fields in Angat, Bulacan (photo courtesy of Greenpeace)While Greenpeace says that the use of nitrogen fertilizer in the Philippines and Thailand is “relatively low” compared to industrialized countries, the excess use of these fertilizers is one of the main sources of the nitrogen pollution of water bodies. “When farmers apply fertilizer to farms, half (or more) of that fertilizer generally does not stay on the soil to help crops grow, but rather is carried away in water and air. The run-off of fertilizers in water first reaches local wells and creeks, from where it travels to rivers and lakes and ultimately the coast,” the report said.

The report indicates that the nitrates pollution in drinking water sources sampled in the Greenpeace study correlates with intensive farming practices which use excess nitrogen fertilizers. Farmers may apply excess fertilizer due to a a perception that it is always better to apply in excess to secure a good harvest, or a lack of expertise about specific crop requirements and efficiency in the timing of application. But the report also says, “Throughout developing countries it is common to find that agrochemical dealers [in local shops] are in reality acting as agricultural extension officers providing the technical expertise to farmers and recommending the optimal application rates, etc.”

This conflict of interest in agro-dealers is one of the reasons for the overuse of fertilizer in some developing countries, according to Greenpeace.

The Greenpeace report ends with the following recommendations:

* Stop the practice of over-using fertilizers in intensive agriculture
* Phase out fertilizer subsidies
* Implement and enforce national fertilizer reduction policies that define maximum nitrogen applications per area

Read the Greenpeace report “Nitrates in drinking water in the Philippines and Thailand.”

Household and industrial waste have turned our bodies of water into toxic soups, according to an i Report feature by medical toxicologist Dr. Kenneth Hartigan-Go.

Greenpeace has already warned of an inevitable water crisis, saying that the quality of fresh water sources is steadily declining while the costs of obtaining clean water is rising.
Technorati benguet, bulacan, drinking water, greenpeace, nitrates, philippines, world health organization”

Beware of our own people! Filipinos are their own worst enemy, not communist China.

crimsonkris wrote on January 7, 2008 - 11:04 am | Visit Link

“Philippine poison ‘was pesticide’
A family grieves during a mass burial in San Jose, Mabini town on south central Bohol island, Philippines, on Thursday, March 10, 2005.
Many of the dead were laid to rest in a mass burial last week
Pesticide was the most likely cause of death in 27 school children in the Philippines, the country’s health ministry has said.

The children died last week after eating a mid-morning snack of cassava roots at a school in the town of Mabini, southern Bohol province.

Officials earlier said the children could have been killed by naturally occurring cyanide in the roots.

But tests indicated pesticide may have contaminated the cassava.

“It is very much possible that the food was prepared in an environment that was highly toxic and contaminated with chemical poisons and bacteria,” said Health Secretary Manuel Dayrit in a written statement.

“Dehydration secondary to pesticide poisoning was the main cause of death,” he added.

One of the vendors who sold the snacks was among dozens of casualties admitted to hospital after eating the roots.

The other is in police custody.

Cassava root is traditionally boiled as a substitute for rice in some poorer areas of the Philippines, but in this case appears to have been fried and processed into snacks.

Victims suffered severe stomach pains, vomiting and diarrhoea.”

From: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4346799.stm

Can Filipinos trust each other to each others safety?

crimsonkris wrote on January 7, 2008 - 11:11 am | Visit Link

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