Independent audit of loan-funded gov’t contracts urged
Posted by: Karol Ilagan | February 13, 2008 at 3:40 pm
Filed under: Civil Society, Governance, In the News, The Economy
RODOLFO Lozada Jr.’s revelations on the $329-million national broadband network (NBN) project have been stirring much controversy, especially with allegations of bribery and overpricing involving no less than the First Gentleman.
The botched Chinese deal, however, is only one of the many projects that exposes the deeply embedded flaws of what Lozada refers to as the government’s “dysfunctional procurement system.”
Projects like the NBN are financed through foreign loans, called the official development assistance (ODA). And as of October 2007, the government’s foreign debt was pegged at P1.589 trillion, according to the Bureau of Treasury. Each Filipino, therefore, owes creditors of the government at least P17,577.
Worse, most of these ODA-financed projects fail to achieve its projected goals. A recent study conducted by the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism shows that seven out of 10 projects reviewed fall short of its target economic benefits, both at completion and rollout.
In principle, taxes are levied by governments to generate financing for projects and programs aimed at improving the lives of its citizens. In our country, however, taxes or P269.85 million, as of the approved 2008 budget, will be used just for debt servicing or paying of interest.
This has led advocacy groups led by the Freedom from Debt Coalition (FDC) to demand the immediate independent audit of all loan-financed government contracts, starting with the suspended NBN deal and other projects implicated in Lozada’s testimony.
The groups, in a press conference last Monday, said that the NBN controversy has exposed the government’s “insatiable debt addiction, its frivolity in acquiring new yet unwanted debts, and its subservience to foreign leaders.”
They stressed that the government is very vulnerable to plunderers who see the system as a “lucrative source of business opportunities and huge kickbacks.”
“A government that places (the) highest priority on debt service and fully dependent on heavy borrowings is even more vulnerable to wrong priorities, fixated with chasing after ‘foreign-assisted’ projects, and driven by external funding,” they said in a statement.
Illegitimate loans
According to University of the Philippines economics professor Ernesto Pernia, loans acquired for development projects are considered illegitimate when these have not gone through the “usual, rigorous process.”
“The standard usual process used to be quite very rigorous and is reviewed in all aspects,” he recalled. But now, like in the NBN deal, which Pernia noted as an example, “There have been shortcuts in the process in NEDA (National Economic and Development Authority) because of political intervention.”
Pernia explained that the standard procedure involves a long process, a meticulous review, of project proposals performed by NEDA’s Investment Coordination Committee (ICC).
With recent anomalies like NBN, the “technical, economic analysis and review,” Pernia believed, have now turned into “a political game, a political affair.” (See the PCIJ story, Has Neda Gone Nada?)
Moreover, Asia Pacific Movement on Debt and Development coordinator and FDC vice-president Lidy Nacpil explained that the concept of legitimacy of debts touches on various principles such as human rights and sustainable human development, justice and fairness, accountability and responsibility, sovereignty of the people and nations, and democratic rights and processes.
Loans that violate the above principles, according to her, are deemed to be illegitimate, or unacceptable. These violations, she enumerated, transpire in the following elements of acquiring and utilizing loans: process, terms and contractual obligations, purpose, use of funds, debt servicing, and the practice of using debt, debt relief, and access to credit as leverage for imposing conditionalities.
RP-China loans
At the Senate hearing last Friday, Lozada revealed that he had been involved in at least three more anomalous government projects, which are all funded by the Export-Import Bank of China: the ZTE (Zhong Xing Telecommunications Equipment Limited)-NBN Project, the South Luzon Railways Project, and the Cyber Education Project.
The list below provided by FDC enumerates the major issues concerning anomalous government projects with loans from China:
North Luzon Railways Project ($503 million or P20.6 billion)
- lack of competitive bidding
- questionable legality of the buyer credit loan agreement
- requirement that all contractors and suppliers for the project will be Chinese nationals
- lack of the contractor’s engineering expertise and experience
- displaced thousands of families without promise of adequate relocation
- bypassed legal and institutional checks designed to ensure transparency and public consultation
- the total cost of $503 million for a 32.2-kilometer length of rail line meant that the average cost is nearly $16 million or around P900 million per kilometer, exclusive of the costs for clearing, relocation, and resettlement of informal dwellers occupying the railroad right-of-way
- the loan’s interest rate of three percent a year is much higher than the rate on other loan packages that the Philippines could have availed of
South Luzon Railways Project ($885.4 million or P36.3 billion)
- displaced about 7,000 families to give way to the laying of the tracks in Muntinlupa
- overpriced by as much as $70 million, as mentioned by Lozada during the Senate hearing of the NBN contract
National Broadband Network Project ($329.5 million or P13.5 billion)
- no existing financial plan and analysis
- there were no feasibility studies and the implementing agency has not initiated any detailed engineering studies, plans, specifications and design
- suffers from a crisis of transparency and alleged lack of competitive bidding
- marred with accusations of bribery and corruption and crisis of relevance
Cyber Education Project ($504 million or P22.77 billion)
- does not address the lack of classrooms and schoolhouses, which are also needed to house the multimedia devices
- public schools unable to support the maintenance of and even just the infrastructure for the multimedia devices will still be not able to enjoy the project’s benefits
- the government will still have to bear P3.71 billion or 14 percent of the project cost, on top of the continuing cost for maintenance
- the P22.77-billion project cost would have meant 51,913 new classrooms, 1,970,000 new teaching positions, 434 million new textbooks or 336 million chairs
- the same amount can also pay for the full, four-year scholarships of 1,085,000 college students
According to FDC, these projects, if summed up, will total $2.2 billion or P93.2 billion in government indebtedness that must all be considered illegitimate.
Independent audit
To uncover the truth about scandal-ridden government projects, FDC, together with other advocacy groups will convene the Citizens Debt Audit Commission, comprised of other citizens’ groups, lawyers, members of the academe, and faith-based and non-government organizations. The Commission will conduct its independent audit of government projects and submit recommendations base on its findings.
They also urge both Houses of the Congress to form a Congressional Commission on Debt Audit for the same purpose. “We call on other government officials and private citizens who have information concerning other questionable projects to come forward,” they said. “The best way to honor and give meaning to the courage and selflessness of Jun Lozada is not by merely extolling his good deeds, but by replicating it with the same act of daring.”
But most importantly, the groups urged the people to resist being “lulled by talk of a mythical economic growth to silence outrage over the depredations of the government.” They said, “It is time to stand up against massive corruption and the heavy-handed brazenness with which our rights are being trampled and our political space curtailed.”
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3 people have left comments
This is what i’m talking about Bring ur gun out IRS where not gonna solve this curruption unless u really step do the auditing,they said independent auditor????? dont we have Internal Revenue System in the Phillipines?????????In United States if it regards to money IRS will be in side right away,I think Phillipines have one to but they just don’t know how important they are or they being blindsided by the Government IRS have a lot of job to do regarding about Phillipines Money and Debt…like isaid before everything else wipe all the money maker currupt pilipino politics,,it should’nt be that hard to do simple math add minus ask all of them to present all their bank statement and account, by doing that you’ll find out all where,when who ,he got to who gave it tohim why and what for,,, see this is what all the media supposed to be doing asking question,,direct to the point.. never hear anybody why they took lozada at the airport for no reason.Do a polygraph test see who lie and that will be it for Mr Lozada Case He knows he has a warrant why did Mr. Atienza asked Mr Lozada to be pick up by his Lawyer,,,this is how mess up Phillipines is u can’t protect your self having a Lawyer Justices in the Phillipines are all being under control by who ever is the President…When are we gonna have a true uncurrupt Country….. I’m thinking of creating me an Elite Commmando Equalizer team to wipe out all kind of Curruption in Phillipines…..Kill all of them someday will do just for fun hehe im feelin good expresing this i know i know im not the only one who’s thinking what im thinking all i need is thirty for now i will privide?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
i
Good Idea,
But Jimpot, what happens when the nation spirals into bloodletting? Or as as Clint Eastwood of the Dirty Harry fame said: “Today are the criminals, tomorrow is your neighbor whose dog had pissed on your lawn?
After creating an elite commando and annihilate all the crooks in the government, who will disband this commando? and how about when a member of this commando had some traffic altercations with an ordinary motorist, who will assure us that he would not train his armalite on the other fellow?
Just food for thought…. but the crooks in the government were already thinking that iam on their side…
Like i said Equalize,Its won’t be that much…………
I just have the Ability to Know and Sense the higher truth for being a Citizen,………